Medici, Catherine de
Name |
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Birthname | Caterina Maria Romula di Lorenzo de' Medici | ||||
born on | 13 April 1519 Jul.Cal. (23 Apr 1519 greg.) at 05:45 (= 05:45 AM ) | ||||
Place | Florence, Italy, 43n46, 11e15 | ||||
Timezone | LMT h0e45 (is local mean time) | ||||
Data source |
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Astrology data | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Biography
Italian noblewoman who was queen consort of France from 1547 until 1559, by marriage to King Henry II, and Queen mother of kings Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III from 1559 to 1589. The years during which her sons reigned have been called "the age of Catherine de' Medici" as she had extensive, if at times varying, influence in the political life of France. Catherine was certainly one of the most powerful women in 16th-century Europe. Born into a powerful family, she never questioned her right to be hedonistic and cruel.
She was the only daughter of Lorenzo de’ Medici, Duke of Urbino and Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne. On her visit to Rome, the Venetian envoy described Catherine as "small of stature, and thin, and without delicate features, but having the protruding eyes peculiar to the Medici family". On 28 October 1533, at the age of fourteen, Catherine married Henry, second son of King Francis I and Queen Claude of France. Catherine's marriage was arranged by her uncle Pope Clement VII. Henry excluded Catherine from participating in state affairs and instead showered favors on his chief mistress, Diane de Poitiers, who wielded much influence over him.
Henry and Catherine had ten children. His death in 1559 thrust Catherine into the political arena as mother of the frail 15-year-old King Francis II. When Francis II died in 1560, she became regent on behalf of her 10-year-old son King Charles IX and was granted sweeping powers. From 1560 to 1563, she ruled France as regent for her son Charles IX, King of France. After Charles died in 1574, Catherine played a key role in the reign of her third son, the immoral weakling Henry III. He dispensed with her advice only in the last months of her life (he would outlive her by seven months).
Catherine, the mother of three kings, held power through her sons for whom, some accounts say, she had "an abnormal relationship and affection." On 5 January 1589, Catherine died at the age of sixty-nine, probably from pleurisy, at Château de Blois, Kingdom of France.
Relationships
- associate relationship with Nostradamus (born 14 December 1503 Jul.Cal. (24 Dec 1503 greg.))
- parent->child relationship with Charles IX, King of France (born 27 June 1550 Jul.Cal. (7 July 1550 greg.))
- parent->child relationship with Claude, Duchess Consort of Lorraine (born 12 November 1547 Jul.Cal. (22 Nov 1547 greg.))
- parent->child relationship with Elisabeth, Queen Consort of Spain (1545) (born 2 April 1545 Jul.Cal. (12 Apr 1545 greg.))
- parent->child relationship with François II, King of France (born 19 January 1544 Jul.Cal. (29 Jan 1544 greg.))
- parent->child relationship with François, Duke of Anjou (born 18 March 1555 Jul.Cal. (28 Mar 1555 greg.))
- parent->child relationship with Henri III, King of France (born 19 September 1551 Jul.Cal. (29 Sep 1551 greg.))
- parent->child relationship with Jeanne of France (born 24 June 1556 Jul.Cal. (4 July 1556 greg.))
- parent->child relationship with Louis of Valois (born 3 February 1549 Jul.Cal. (13 Feb 1549 greg.))
- parent->child relationship with Marguerite II, Queen of France (born 14 May 1553 Jul.Cal. (24 May 1553 greg.))
- parent->child relationship with Victoire, Princess of France (1556) (born 24 June 1556 Jul.Cal. (4 July 1556 greg.))
- child->parent relationship with Medici, Lorenzo II de (born 12 September 1492 Jul.Cal. (21 Sep 1492 greg.))
- spouse relationship with Henri II, King of France (born 31 March 1519 Jul.Cal. (10 Apr 1519 greg.))
- sibling relationship with Medici, Alessandro de (born 17 February 1512 (greg.)). Notes: Half-siblings, same father
- other kin relationship with Pope Clement VII (born 26 May 1478 Jul.Cal. (4 June 1478 greg.)). Notes: He helped raise his second cousin
- other kin relationship with Pope Leo X (born 11 December 1475 Jul.Cal. (20 Dec 1475 greg.)). Notes: He helped raise his niece
Events
- Work : Gain social status 1547 (Henri took the throne)
Source Notes
Fagan in AA 2/70 gives "recorded as sunrise" (calculated as 5:04 AM). Martin Harvey in Nativitas I says, "No historic evidence has been found." Garicus gave 4:38 AM and Giuntini, 5:23 AM. Notable Nativities No.537 gives 4:30 AM. PC misquotes NN No.537 for 4:00 AM. Holliday quotes two different biographies for 11:00 AM. According to Jean-Pierre Nicola: 9:00 AM.
Sy Scholfield cites baptismal record quoted in Ricordanze di Bartolomeo Masi: calderaio fiorentino dal 1478 al 1526 (Memories of Bartolomeo Masi: Florentine calderaio from 1478 to 1526) by Bartolomeo Masi (G. C. Sansoni, 1906), page 240: "che si conserva nell ' Archivio dell ' Opera di S. M. del Fiore - sotto di 16 aprile 1903 si legge la seguente partita: Chaterina Maria et Romola dello Illustrissimo Ducha durbino Lorenzo di Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici p.° di s. Lorenzo. Nacque a' di' 13 di detto, hore 11."
(Translation: preserved in the Archive of the Opera of S. M. del Fiore - below 16 April [no.?] 1903 we read the following: Caterina Maria et Romola was born to the Illustrious Duke of Urbino, Lorenzo di Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici, on 13 April 1519 at 11 hours).
Scholfield found same quote of baptism record in the German book, Geburt und Memoria: zum italienischen Bildtyp der deschi da parto by Claudia Däubler-Hauschke (Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2003), page 162: "Vergleiche den eintrag im Taufregister vom 16. April 1518 (1519): »Chaterina Maria et Romola dello Illustrissimo Ducha durbino Lorenzo di Piero di Lorenzo de'Medici p.° di s. Lorenzo. Nacque a' di 13 di detto, hore 11 « (Archivio dell'opera di S. Maria del Fiore, Registro dei Battezzati..."
From Italian Wikipedia: Bartolomeo Masi (1480-1530) was an Italian writer, the author of an important book of memories which today is a precious source for the history of the period. In his memories, in addition to numerous personal notes, we find the chronicle of various political and historical events concerning Florence and the rest of Italy. [1].
According to Florentine Time the 24-hour day begins at Sunset, which occurred at 6:45 PM LMT on 13 April 1519 in the Julian Calendar, thereby if we add 11 hours we get 5:45 AM LMT, reasonably consistent with Fagan's "recorded as sunrise." The biographies quoted by Holliday for 11 AM seem to have ignored the fact that Florentine Time was in operation meaning that 11 Hours means 11 hours after Sunset. In July 2020 Scholfield changed the birth time of this entry to 5:45 AM LMT and upgraded the Rodden Rating from DD to AA.
Categories
- Traits : Personality : Aggressive/ brash (Powerful, dominant)
- Family : Relationship : Mate - Noted (King Henri of France)
- Family : Relationship : Widowed (King Henri)
- Family : Parenting : Kids more than 3 (Ten)
- Notable : Famous : Royal family (France-Italy)
- Notable : Book Collection : Profiles Of Women
- 1519 births
- Birthday 13 April
- Birthplace Florence, ITALY
- Sun 1 Taurus
- Moon 10 Libra
- Asc 15 Taurus
- 1589 deaths
- Traits : Personality : Aggressive/ brash
- Family : Relationship : Mate - Noted
- Family : Relationship : Widowed
- Family : Parenting : Kids more than 3
- Notable : Famous : Royal family
- Notable : Book Collection : Profiles Of Women