Fleming, Alexander

Alexander Fleming
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Name	Fleming, Alexander Gender: M
born on	6 August 1881 at 02:00 (= 02:00 AM )
Place	Darvel, Scotland, 55n37, 4w18
Timezone	GMT h0e (is standard time)
Data source	BC/BR in hand Rodden Rating AA Collector: Rodden
Astrology data	13°42' 20°32 Asc. 16°15'

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Alexander Fleming

Biography

Scottish biologist, pharmacologist and botanist whose best-known discoveries are the enzyme lysozyme in 1923 and the world's first antibiotic substance benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G) from the mould Penicillium notatum in 1928, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain. He was elected to the Royal Society in 1943, and knighted by King George VI in 1944.

After a two week holiday, in September 1928 he returned to his laboratory to find a strange mould growing on a specimen. He deduced the mould had antibacterial properties and identified Penicillium notatum calling it penicillin. Penicillin had been seen before, but Fleming's cognitive abilities allowed him to recognize what it could do. He published his findings in 1929 but abandoned the work in 1932 due to lack of expertise to purify the substance and he did not hold the conviction that drugs could cure a serious infection as the body's immune system should. In 1939 he provided some penicillin to Sir Howard Florey and Ernst Chain. They did the chemical work and in 1945 they all shared the Nobel prize in Medicine. As Fleming seemed to revel in publicity, he became the spokesman for the other scientists.

Born seventh of eight siblings and half-siblings to a sheep farming family, Alexander excelled in school. After his father's death he moved to London at about 14. As an adult he was short in stature, usually wore a bow tie and never mastered the conventions of polite society.

In 1900 he and two brothers joined a Scottish regiment to fight in the Boer War. In 1901 he entered medical school at Saint Mary's Hospital, London. He became a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1909. After serving as a captain in the Army Medical Corps in World War I, Fleming became a professor in 1919 and a research scientist with a profitable side practice of treating syphilis infections of prominent London artists. He was the first to use anti-typhoid vaccines on human beings, pioneered the use of Salvarsan against syphilis and discovered the antiseptic powers of lysozyme.

Fleming loved to play games and abhorred a tidy, meticulous lab. On 24 December 1915 he married Sarah Marion McElroy. They had a son, Robert Fleming (1924-2015), who became a doctor, and he was widowed in 1949. He married again on 9 April 1953 to Dr. Amalia Koutsouri-Voureka, a Greek colleague.

Fleming died of a heart attack in London in the forenoon of 11 March 1955, aged 73. He was buried as a national hero in the crypt of Saint Paul's Cathedral in London.

Link to Wikipedia biography

Relationships

• associate relationship with Chain, Ernst (born 19 June 1906)

Events

• Relationship : Marriage 24 December 1915 (Sarah Marion McElroy)
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• Family : Change in family responsibilities 1924 (Birth of only child, Robert Fleming)

• Work : Great Achievement September 1928 (Discovered penicillin; first step)
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• Work : Prize 1944 (Knighted)

• Work : Prize 1945 (Nobel Prize in Medicine)

• Death of Mate 1949 (Sarah Marion Fleming)

• Relationship : Marriage 9 April 1953 (Amalia Koutsouri-Vourekas)
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• Death by Heart Attack 11 March 1955 (Age 73)
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Source Notes

Constellations, 1977 quotes B.C.

On 3 August 2017 Sy Scholfield forwarded birth registry entry and upgraded rating to BC/BR in hand. Birth place of Lochfield Farm is near Darvel, in Ayrshire, Scotland.

Death data from Portraits in British history by Ronald Pollitt and Herbert Franklin Curry (Dorsey Press, 1975), p. 327: "On the morning of March 11, 1955, Fleming awoke anticipating a luncheon at the Savoy with Eleanor Roosevelt and Douglas Fairbanks, Junior. He died, apparently of a heart attack, before he could keep the appointment."

Categories

• Traits : Body : Size (Short in stature)

• Diagnoses : Major Diseases : Heart disease/attack (Heart attack, terminal)

• Family : Childhood : Family large (Eight kids)

• Family : Childhood : Order of birth (Seventh of eight)

• Family : Relationship : Number of Marriages (Two)

• Family : Relationship : Widowed (First wife died)

• Family : Parenting : Kids 1-3 (One son)

• Family : Parenting : Kids - Noted (Son became a doctor)

• Vocation : Education : Researcher (Science)

• Vocation : Education : Teacher (Professor)

• Vocation : Science : Other Science (Bacteriologist)

• Notable : Extraordinary Talents : For Abstract thought

• Notable : Awards : Knighted

• Notable : Awards : Nobel prize (Medicine)

• Notable : Famous : Historic figure (Discovered penicillin)

• Notable : Famous : Top 5% of Profession

• Notable : Book Collection : American Book